IONIZATION
explore more about the physics of lightning initiation, you can review this overview from the National Severe Storms Laboratory or read the atmospheric physics breakdown in this Florida Gulf Coast University study on environmental conditions. [1]
Atmospheric humidity drives cloud electrification, while ionization acts as the trigger that allows lightning to discharge. High humidity fuels the strong updrafts that separate charges in storm clouds. Once this electric field becomes extreme, the air ionizes (turns into conductive plasma), allowing lightning to strike
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